Assessment of Lecturers’ Knowledge and Readiness for Open Education Resources in Nigerian Open and Distance Learning Universities
Keywords:
Open education resources, Lecturers’ readiness, Lecturers’ Knowledge, Academic status, Area of specialisation, GenderAbstract
The open educational resources project has been underway for over decade now and universities are slowly adopting may be because of insufficient knowledge and readiness necessary to embrace it. This study focused on assessing the knowledge and readiness for open education resources among lecturers based on gender, academic status and areas of specialisation. A survey research design was employed on the five thousand three hundred and fifteen lecturers from five accredited distance education universities in Nigeria. Total sample used was six hundred and ninety selected using stratified sampling technique. Two research questions were answered and three hypotheses were tested. OER knowledge and readiness’ questionnaire developed by researchers with 0.79 reliability coefficient using Cronbach Alpha was the instrument for the study. Data collected were analysed using descriptive, t-test, analysis of variance and Bonferroni Post Hoc statistics. Results showed that distance learning lecturers with the rank of professors had lower knowledge of OER but possessed higher readiness to adopt OER than those in lower ranks. Female lecturers in ODL institutions were better in OER knowledge than male lecturers. Significant difference existed in OER knowledge but insignificant difference was noticed in readiness for OER. It is therefore recommended that highly ranked and male lecturers should more sensitise through training, workshops and seminars in OER. Also, creation and use of OER by lecturers should be recognised in their promotion to serve as incentive to favourably dispose to OER usage.
Résumé : Le projet de ressources éducatives non-restreintes est en cours depuis plus d'une décennie et les universités l'adoptent lentement, peut-être en raison d'un manque de connaissances et de réceptivité nécessaires pour l'adopter. Cette étude s'est concentrée sur l'évaluation des connaissances et de l'état de réceptivité des enseignants aux ressources éducatives non-restreintes en fonction du sexe, du statut académique et des domaines de spécialisation. Un plan de recherche par sondage a été mené sur cinq mille trois cent quinze enseignants dans les universités agréées de l’enseignement à distance au Nigéria. L'échantillon total utilisé était de six cent quatre-vingt-dix sélectionnés à l'aide de la technique d'échantillonnage stratifié. On a répondu à deux questions de recherche et vérifié trois hypothèses. Le questionnaire sur la connaissance et l'état de réceptivité aux REN, élaboré par des chercheurs avec un coefficient de fiabilité de 0,79 à l'aide de Cronbach Alpha, a été l'instrument de l'étude. Les données recueillies ont été analysées à l'aide d'une analyse descriptive, d'un t test, d'une analyse de variance et de statistiques Post Hoc de Bonferroni. Les résultats ont montré que les enseignants de l'enseignement à distance ayant le rang de professeurs connaissaient moins bien les REN, mais ils étaient plus disposés à les adopter que les enseignants de rang inférieur. Les enseignantes des établissements de l'enseignement à distance étaient mieux informées sur les REN que les enseignants. Il y avait une différence significative dans la connaissance des REN, mais une différence insignifiante a été constatée dans l'état de réceptivité à l'utilisation des REN. Il est donc recommandé de sensibiliser les hommes enseignants de haut niveau à regard de REN par le biais de formations, d'ateliers et de séminaires. En outre, la création et l'utilisation des REN par les enseignants devraient être reconnues dans leur avancement pour servir d'incitation à ceux qui sont favorables à l'utilisation des REN.
References
Agber, T. & Agwu, A. E. (2013). Assessment of online resources usage by agricultural science lecturers of tertiary institutions in Benue state, Nigeria. Retrieved from http://www.usajournals.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/09/Agber2_Vol110.pdf
Commonwealth of Learning (2016). What steps can educators take towards using OER effectively for learning and teaching?
Retrieved from http://discourse.col.org/t/what-steps-caneducators-take-towards-using-oer-effectively-for-learningand-
teaching/97
Downes, S. (2006). Models for Sustainable Open Educational Resources, National Research
Council.(Canada).http/://www.oecd.org/document/320/0,2340 en264933723362243521111, 00.html.
Hart, K. D.; Chetty, Y. and Archer, E. (2015). Uptake of OER by Staff in Distance Education in South Africa. International Review of
Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(2). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/2047/3272
Hylen, J. (2008). Open Educational Resources; Opportunities and Challenges. OECD’S Publication: Paris.
Ipaye, B. & Ipaye, C. B. (2012). Opportunities and challenges for open educational resources and massive open online courses: The case of Nigeria. Retrieved from https://linc.mit.edu/linc2013/proceedings/Session1/Session1Ipaye.pdf
Kisanga, D. H. (2016). Determinants of Teachers' Attitudes Towards E-Learning in Tanzanian Higher Learning Institutions.
International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(5).
Littlejohn, A. & Hood, N. (2012). Guidelines on how educators learn open educational practices. Retrieved from https://littlebylittlejohn.com/learning-to-teach-with-oer/ on 13 February 2018.
McCracken, R. (2006). Cultural Responses to Open Licenses and the Accessibility and Usability of Open Educational Resources. Retrieved from http//www.oecd.org/document/32/0.2340en264933.
Okonkwo, C. A. (2012). A Needs Assessment of ODL Educators to Determine their Effective Use of Open Educational Resources.
The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning (IRRODL), 13(4). Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1316/2325
Olcott J.R. (2012). OER perspectives: emerging issues for universities. Journal of Distance Education, 33(2). Retrieved from
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01587919.2012.700561
Patton, M.Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Thousands Oaks, CA: Sage.
Reed, P. (2012). Awareness, attitudes and participation of teaching staff towards the open content movement in one university. The Journal of the Association for Learning Technology (ALT), 20
Rolf, V. (2012). Open educational resources: staff attitudes and awareness. The Journal of the Association for Learning Technology (ALT), 20. Retrieved from http://coaction.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/rlt/article/view/14395
Shigeta, K., Koizumi, M., Sakai, H., Tsuji, Y., Inaba, R. & Hiraoka, N. (2017). A survey of the awareness, offering, and adoption of OERs and MOOCs in Japan. Open Praxis 9 (2). Retrieved from http://www.openpraxis.org/index.php/OpenPraxis/article/view/568/318
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2007). Giving Knowledge for Free: The Emergence of Open Educational Resources. Paris: OECD Publications.
The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (2012). Open Education Resources. Retrieved from https://oerworldmap.org. on 15 February, 2018
Yuan, E., MacNeill, S. & Krann, W. (2008). Open Educational Resources and Challenges for Higher Education. JISCCETIS. Retrieved from http://learn.creativecommons.org/wpcontent/uploads/2008/09/oer.briefingpaper.pdf. on 28 January 2018.
Wiley, D. (2006). On the sustainable of open educational resource initiatives in higher education. Paper commissioned by OECD’s centre for educational research and innovation for the project on open educational resource. Retrieved for www.oecd.org/edu/oer on 02 - 05-2017.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 West African Journal of Open and Flexible Learning
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.